In 1982, Brink et al. created the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) as a tool specifically used to screen for depression in the elderly. Because the elderly have more physical complaints, many physical symptoms of normal elderly people are within the normal range for this age group, but they may be mistakenly diagnosed as depression. The GDS was designed to more sensitively detect somatic symptoms ...
Some people rejoice all year long, and are so happy that they make people jealous; others struggle to survive in bad luck all year long, with sorrow lingering like their own shadows; and more people are a mixture of joy and sorrow. , sadness, hardship, happiness and sweetness are mixed together to make up this five-flavor life. Some people say that today's bitterness is preparation for tomorrow's ...
The DASS-21 (Depression-Anxiety-Stress Scale) is a commonly used self-report scale used to assess an individual's emotional state in terms of depression, anxiety, and stress. It was developed by Lovibond (1995) and has been widely used in many studies and clinical practice.
The DASS-21 contains three subscales that assess depression, anxiety, and stress respectively. Each subscale consists of 7 i...
The Life Events Stress Scale is a tool used to assess the impact of life events an individual has experienced over a period of time on their psychological stress levels. This scale is designed to measure an individual's degree of stress to various life events and the impact these events may have on their health and well-being.
Life event stress scales usually consist of a series of specific life ...
Narcissistic Personality Disorder (NPD) is a psychiatrically defined psychological disorder characterized by extreme self-centeredness, manipulation of others, and a lack of empathy. In order to help more people understand their narcissistic traits and possible NPD risks, the NPI-16 Narcissistic Personality Inventory provides a scientific and efficient assessment method.
Take the NPI-16 Narcissis...
Free Narcissistic Personality Disorder Test: Find out if you have narcissistic personality traits and determine whether you may meet the characteristics of Narcissistic Personality Disorder (NPD). Through the NPI-56 Narcissistic Personality Inventory test, we can deeply explore narcissistic tendencies and their relationship with NPD, and provide a reference for further professional diagnosis.
Int...
Bullying is defined as malicious behavior that occurs in a school environment in which one student or a group of students intentionally targets another student physically, verbally, socially, or online. Here are some common bullying situations in schools:
1. Verbal Bullying: This is one of the most common forms of bullying. It includes the use of verbal behaviors such as ridicule, insults, humili...
'Self-Rating Symptom Scale SCL90' is one of the most famous mental health test scales in the world and is currently the most widely used outpatient examination scale for mental disorders and mental illnesses.
SCL-90 (Symptom Checklist-90) is a commonly used symptom self-rating scale. It was compiled in 1975. Its author is LR Derogatis. It is sometimes also called Hopkins's Symptom Checklist. , HS...
The full English name of the Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist-Civilian Version (PCL-C) is The PTSD Cheeklist-Civilian Version, also known as the civilian version of the Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist. A 17-item PTSD symptom questionnaire developed based on DSM-W in November 1994. The Chinese translation was completed in July 2003 by Professor Jiang Chao, Professor Zhang Jie of th...
The Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale (SES) was originally designed to assess adolescents' overall feelings of self-worth and self-acceptance.
The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale is a psychometric tool commonly used to measure an individual's self-esteem level. This scale was developed by American social psychologist Morris Rosenberg in 1965 and is widely used in the fields of psychology and social science...
